Every charge line is checked against the clinical record it arrived with. The classic patterns — and the one that matters most: services billed with no clinical evidence they happened.
- Duplicate charges — same code, visit and service date
- Unbundling — component codes billed beside their panel
- Upcoding — billed level vs. documented complexity
- Phantom billing — no order, result or note behind the charge
- Impossible days — units and time that exceed the calendar
- Price variance — charged vs. expected allowed amount